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Hindu idealism
There are currents of idealism in both ancient and classical Hindu philosophy. Like Absolute idealism of Hegel, Hindu idealism is essentially monistic, espousing the view that consciousness is the essence or meaning of the phenomenal reality. The presence of idealist concepts in Indian thought has been emphasized by Rupert Sheldrake and Fritjof Capra.
==Ancient philosophy==
The oldest reference to Idealism in Hindu texts is in Purusha Sukta of the Rig Veda. This sukta espouses panentheism by presenting cosmic being Purusha as both pervading all universe and yet being transcendent to it.〔Krishnananda, Swami. (Daily Invocations ). Divine Life Society, The Purusha Sukta, Verses 4-5.〕 Absolute idealism can be seen in Chāndogya Upaniṣad, where things of the objective world like the five elements and the subjective world such as will, hope, memory etc. are seen to be emanations from the Self.〔Nikhilananda, Swami. The Upanishads — A New Translation. (Chhandogya Upanishad ), Parts 5-8.〕
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